TREATMENT OF STROKE, PARKINSON’S, AND ALZHEIMER’S DISEASES BASED ON HISTOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD NEURONS
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Abstract
Neurological disorders, including stroke, Parkinson’s disease, and Alzheimer’s disease, pose a significant global health challenge, leading to progressive cognitive decline, motor impairment, and reduced quality of life. The structural and functional properties of neurons in the brain and spinal cord are central to understanding disease mechanisms and designing targeted interventions. This review examines the microanatomy of neuronal populations, synaptic connectivity, glial support, and neurophysiological dynamics, emphasizing their contributions to pathophysiological processes. Furthermore, current therapeutic modalities, encompassing pharmacological agents, neuroprotective strategies, and rehabilitative programs, are analyzed in the context of neuronal preservation and functional recovery. Integrating anatomical, histological, and physiological insights with clinical practice offers a comprehensive framework for advancing treatment and improving patient outcomes in neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular conditions.
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