The article is devoted to mental illnesses, their causes, varieties and modern methods of treatment. It examines the main types of mental disorders, their causes, symptoms, methods of diagnosis and treatment, as well as preventive measures. Attention is also paid to rare cases of mental illnesses that played a significant role in the history of medicine. Mental disorders require an integrated approach to treatment and prevention.

This article covers topics on bioengineering. This is an interdisciplinary field that combines the principles of engineering sciences with medical and biological knowledge to develop and implement technologies and devices aimed at improving the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of diseases.

The article is devoted to the study of a skin disease called "Bedsore". The article considers modern concepts and current issues of its therapy.

This article provides information on the causes of cardiovascular and hematopoietic organ diseases among the population of Tashkent city and region, and develops modern preventive measures.

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a group of neurological disorders affecting motor functions and coordination that begin in early childhood. This article examines the long-term consequences of CP, including physical, cognitive, social and medical aspects. Based on current scientific data, the impact of CP on patients’ quality of life, their ability to socially adapt and the occurrence of comorbidities is studied. The results show that people with CP often face multiple challenges throughout their lives, which highlights the need for an integrated approach to their treatment and rehabilitation.

The article describes the features of treatment of generalized and aggressive forms of periodontitis depending on clinical manifestations. The choice of tactics for the treatment of periodontitis depends on the severity of clinical manifestations, so it is important to accurately diagnose the degree of damage, after which a treatment plan is made in accordance with an individualized approach, taking into account the indications and contraindications for individual treatment methods.

The patient underwent complex treatment (oral cavity cleaning, plaque removal, curettage of periodontal pockets), then photodynamic therapy (PDT) with 1% Geleofor gel using a LED emitter. It was found that the use of PDT has a normalizing effect on microcirculation and oxygenation in periodontal tissues.

The article examines the features of the spread of non-carious lesions of hard dental tissues depending on the sex and age of patients, identifies the most common types of lesions, and proposes primary prevention measures.

The article presents modern information reflecting the main risk factors for the development of inflammatory periodontal diseases. Along with immune, genetic and general somatic mechanisms, the role of microorganisms and free-radical oxidation reactions as the main links in the pathogenesis of chronic periodontitis is described in detail.

The knowledge that caries is a dynamic and reversible process has led to the development of new technologies capable of detecting caries at the earliest stages (before the appearance of a cavity) for timely treatment and prevention. 70 years of experience in the use of fluorides for the prevention of caries has shown their reliability and ability to participate in the remineralization of hard dental tissues, but their effectiveness decreases in the acidic environment of dental plaque (with poor oral hygiene). Daily oral hygiene using a paste containing 1.5% arginine, 1450 ppm fluoride and calcium bicarbonate helps to stop the development of dental caries and reduces the risk of new cavities even in conditions of poor oral hygiene.

Chronic periodontitis (CP) is the most common periodontal pathology, which leads to dysfunction of the dental system. 52 patients with CP were examined. Each person assessed the condition of their periodontal tissues using the following indices: PMA, API, SBI. To study hypoxia, the functional activity of erythrocytes was examined using spectroscopy. It was found that changes in periodontal tissues in chronic periodontal disease are accompanied by the development of hypoxia, which requires suppression and correction of the functional activity of erythrocytes.

Bronchiales Asthma ist eine chronische entzündliche Erkrankung der Atemwege, die durch eine übermäßige Immunreaktion auf Umweltfaktoren und Allergene gekennzeichnet ist. In diesem Zusammenhang spielen Interleukine, insbesondere Interleukin-4 (IL-4), Interleukin-5 (IL-5) und Interleukin-13 (IL-13), eine entscheidende Rolle bei der Entstehung und Aufrechterhaltung der Entzündungsreaktion. Diese Zytokine fördern die Rekrutierung von Entzündungszellen, insbesondere Eosinophilen, und die Umwandlung von Th2-zellvermittelten Reaktionen, die zu den klinischen Manifestationen des Asthmas führen. Das Verständnis der Mechanismen, durch die Interleukine die Entzündungsprozesse im Asthma regulieren, ist entscheidend für die Entwicklung neuer, gezielter Therapien.

In this scientific article, the balance organs of humans and vertebrates are the vestibular apparatus. In addition to the vestibular apparatus, the skin, musculoskeletal and visual sensory reflex play a significant role in maintaining balance in a person. The complex relationships formed in the process of these reflections ensure balance.

Determining what functional changes physical education and sports lead to in the human body is of both theoretical and practical importance. Research in this area is aimed at monitoring and analyzing changes in morphological and functional systems.

Evaluation of the technical and tactical actions of handball players in attack and defense during competitions is important in training athletes and improving their performance. This field of research allows to analyze the actions of athletes during the game, to determine individual and team capabilities. Effective use of offensive and defensive strategies will encourage players to perform their actions correctly, which will ultimately affect the outcome of the game.

This article analyzes the importance of interactive methods and methods of their use in increasing literacy of Primary School students. In the modern educational system, issues of the role of interactive methods, their effectiveness and practical application are considered. According to the results of the study, it was found that the use of interactive techniques helps to significantly increase the knowledge and skills of students.

This article addresses the issue of developing a culture of collaboration in preschool education organizations. The culture of collaboration in preschool education should be established not only between educators and parents but also among various departments of educational organizations, society, and the state. The article discusses the importance of a collaborative culture, the main directions of its development, and the need for decision-making to strengthen relationships among educators. Additionally, the article analyzes the existing model of collaborative culture and provides practical recommendations for its improvement.

This article analyzes the pedagogical possibilities of protecting young people from information attacks. In today's globalization, it is important to form a sufficient information culture for the younger generation, protect them from harmful information, and develop critical thinking skills. The article highlights the negative impact of information attacks on society and the minds of young people, as well as the role of educational institutions in preventing them. Modern innovative technologies, media literacy, and information security principles are considered as important factors in protecting young people from information attacks based on pedagogical approaches. The results of the article offer scientific and practical recommendations for building youth immunity against information threats.

This article analyzes the quantitative and qualitative indicators of crimes related to violations of traffic safety rules or their usage. Additionally, a scientific discussion is introduced, engaging with the opinions of national and foreign scholars on this crime. A comparative analysis of the experiences of developed countries regarding violations of traffic safety rules or their usage has been conducted. Furthermore, proposals and recommendations for preventing this type of crime within national legislation have been developed.

This article analyzes the pedagogical possibilities of the process of studying Uzbek folk musical instruments. The issues of developing students' artistic aesthetic taste, performing skills and interest in national musical culture through teaching folk instruments are highlighted. The article also analyzes the effectiveness of using innovative pedagogical technologies, methodological approaches and modern teaching methods in studying folk instruments. It is emphasized that the process of studying Uzbek folk musical instruments serves to develop musical thinking in students, form their creative abilities and understand national identity.