ACQUIRED HEART DEFECTS, ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE AND MODERN APPROACHES TO TREATMENT
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Acquired heart defects and ischemic heart disease remain among the most pressing challenges in modern cardiology. These conditions significantly contribute to morbidity and mortality worldwide, affecting the quality of life of millions of patients. The development of acquired heart defects often results from chronic ischemia, infections, or degenerative changes within cardiac structures. Ischemic heart disease, primarily caused by atherosclerotic lesions of the coronary arteries, is one of the leading causes of disability and death globally. Recent advances in diagnostic methods, including echocardiography, cardiac MRI, and coronary angiography, allow for earlier and more accurate detection of pathological changes. Modern treatment strategies integrate pharmacological therapy, surgical interventions, and minimally invasive techniques such as percutaneous coronary intervention and valve repair. Furthermore, preventive measures, lifestyle modification, and patient education play a crucial role in reducing disease progression and complications. This article highlights current approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of acquired heart defects and ischemic heart disease, emphasizing the importance of comprehensive management for improved clinical outcomes.
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