Changes in the metabolism of the intestinal microbiome during the development of dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases have been studied in scientific research. Changes in the gut microbiome were studied for lipid metabolism, increased trimethylamine N oxide, short-chain peptides, and cholesterol homeostasis through the enterohepatic circulation. Probiotic use has been shown to increase Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species in the gut microbiota and decrease cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides.

intestinal microbiota, microbiome, metabolism, lipid metabolism, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, probiotic

Ebel, B.; Lemetais, G.; Beney, L.; Cachon, R.; Sokol, H.; Langella, P.; Gervais, P. /Impact of probiotics on risk factors for cardiovascular diseases.// A review. Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. 2014, 54, 175–189; ;

Ejtahed, H.-S.; Angoorani, P.; Soroush, A.-R.; Atlasi, R.; Hasani-Ranjbar, S.; Mortazavian, A.M.; Larijani, B. /Probiotics supplementation for the obesity management; A systematic review of animal studies and clinical trials.// J. Funct. Foods 2019, 52, 228–242

Hassan, A.; Din, A.U.; Zhu, Y.; Zhang, K.; Li, T.; Wang, Y.; Luo, Y.; Wang, G. Updates in understanding the hypocholesterolemia effect of probiotics on atherosclerosis. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2019, 103, 5993–6006.

Reis, S.; Conceição, L.; Rosa, D.; Siqueira, N.; Peluzio, M. Mechanisms responsible for the hypocholesterolaemic effect of regular consumption of probiotics. Nutr. Res. Rev. 2017, 30, 36–49

Thushara, R.M.; Gangadaran, S.; Solati, Z.; Moghadasian, M.H. /Cardiovascular benefits of probiotics: A review of experimental and clinical studies. //Food Funct. 2016, 7, 632–642