MORPHO-GENETIC TRAITS OF RUNNING LIGHT ATHLETES AS SELECTION CRITERIA IN SPORTS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37547/Keywords:
physical development, somatotype, speed qualities, dermatoglyphics, sports selection, anthropometric characteristics, runners of various distances.Abstract
The study conducted a comparative assessment of the physical development of track and field runners, depending on their distance specialization. Assessment of physical development was carried out based on the anthropometric indicators of athletes aged 17-21, who have sports qualifications from kms to masters of sports. Body type was determined according to the modified Heath-Carter method, 1989. Associative relationships were established between such absolute genetic markers as dermatoglyphic indicators of track and field sprinters with an elevated level of speed development. The fingerprints and palm impressions of the examined athletes were processed according to the method of T.D. Gladkova,1966. Analysis of dermatoglyphic features showed the predominance of complex finger patterns; curls and loops; high SGS values (189.3) in Uzbek track and field athletes compared to the general population SGS value (150-160 ridges), which can be used as criteria for predicting an increased level of motor quality development. In terms of physical development, track and field athletes and sprinters belong to the "middle" type, and with a decrease in the level of sports mastery, there is a tendency towards minimization of anthropometric indicators. Differences in the component composition of body mass in athletes specializing in short and long distances were revealed. Despite the identified features, a dominant ecto-mesomorphic somatotype was identified.
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