The collection of loanwords that gets imported into the lexicon of each language concerned is one of the most immediately evident effects of intercultural contact and communication. Over the last fifty years, the area of cultures and languages in touch has expanded dramatically. From the beginning, a 'Scale' or 'Index of Receptivity' has been proposed for languages that take borrowings more readily. A 'Scale of Adaptability' has been proposed in addition to that scale. The study of a language's flexibility and receptivity to borrowed terms, particularly those from International English, yields several fascinating case studies. Major languages such as English, Spanish, Japanese, and Chinese serve as useful case studies for discussing adaptation and receptivity indices.

borrowings, English language, culture, communication, vocabulary.

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