This comprehensive article explores the scientific and theoretical foundations that underpin the intricate art of translation. Through an examination of historical evolution, cognitive processes, cultural context, and socio-political implications, the article delves into the multidimensional nature of cross-linguistic communication. It highlights the evolution of translation theories, ranging from prescriptive to functional models, and underscores their role in shaping contemporary translation practices. The cognitive aspect is elucidated, emphasizing the mental processes and strategies employed by translators. Cultural context is portrayed as a vital element, emphasizing the challenges and importance of preserving cultural nuances. Moreover, the socio-political dimension of translation is examined, revealing its power to influence perceptions and ideologies. The article concludes by addressing the impact of technological advancements on translation practices. This article contributes to a holistic understanding of translation, emphasizing its role in fostering global dialogue and mutual understanding.

translation theories, cognitive processes, cultural context, socio-political implications, technological advancements, cross-linguistic communication.

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