PROBIOTICS AND DYSBACTERIOSIS: CAUSES, CONSEQUENCES, AND TREATMENT APPROACHES
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Abstract
Dysbacteriosis, or intestinal dysbiosis, refers to a qualitative and quantitative imbalance in the gut microbiota, often resulting from antibiotic use, chronic stress, or metabolic disorders. This imbalance may lead to gastrointestinal infections, inflammatory bowel diseases, and even systemic effects on the immune, nervous, and endocrine systems. Probiotics—live microorganisms beneficial to the host—play a critical role in restoring microbial balance and preventing dysbiosis-related disorders. Recent therapeutic advancements such as fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), synbiotics, and dietary modulation have shown promising results in clinical trials. This review summarizes current knowledge about the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and modern treatment strategies for dysbacteriosis, emphasizing the scientific evidence supporting probiotic interventions.
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References
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