This article indicates that one of the relevant scientific directions is the introduction of the practice of improving the treatment of diseases of the oral mucosa and herpetic stomatitis in children with congenital cytomegalovirus infection.

He proportion of elderly people in the world population is constantly increasing. With age, the risk of numerous chronic diseases and their complications also rises. Research on the subject of cellular senescence date back to the middle of the last century, and today we know that senescent cells have different morphology, metabolism, phenotypes and many other characteristics. Their main feature is the development of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), whose pro-inflammatory components affect tissues and organs, and increases the possibility of age-related diseases. The liver is the main metabolic organ of our body, and the results of previous research indicate that its regenerative capacity is greater and that it ages more slowly compared to other organs. With age, liver cells change under the influence of various stressors and the risk of developing chronic liver diseases such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) increases. It has been proven that these diseases progress faster in the elderly population and in some cases lead to end-stage liver disease that requires transplantation. The treatment of elderly people with chronic liver diseases is a challenge and requires an individual approach as well as new research that will reveal other safe and effective therapeutic modalities.          

Opportunistic infections (OIs) continue to be a significant cause of illness and mortality in children with malignant or nonmalignant conditions. OIs are defined as infections caused by bacteria, fungi, viruses, or normally harmless commensal organisms that inhabit the human body, but become pathogenic when the immune system is compromised. They may also present as unusually severe infections from common pathogens. In some cases, an OI can manifest as a life-threatening event at the onset of a primary immunodeficiency syndrome. More commonly, OIs arise as complications from immunosuppressive therapies, prolonged hospitalization, or in children undergoing bone marrow or organ transplants.

Zoonotic diseases are illnesses transmitted from vertebrate animals to humans. Although a variety of microbial agents, such as bacteria and parasites, are associated with zoonotic events, viruses constitute a significant proportion of emerging zoonotic diseases. Alarmingly, the 21st century has witnessed a sharp rise in the emergence and re-emergence of viral zoonotic diseases. Despite the millennia-long coexistence of humans and animals, human-driven activities have significantly increased the frequency of interactions between the two, elevating the risk of disease spillover. Factors like climate change, land-use alteration, and wildlife trade directly contribute to the (re-)emergence of these diseases, while globalization, geopolitical influences, and social dynamics facilitate their spread. This opinion piece explores the "intelligent" behavior of viruses and how they exploit anthropogenic factors to drive the (re-)emergence and spread of zoonotic diseases in our modern, interconnected world.

Multilevel artificial cervical disc replacement and anterior hybrid surgery have been established as effective treatments for multilevel cervical degenerative disc disease. Proper surgical techniques are essential to alleviate patient symptoms and ensure the optimal functioning of cervical implants. However, the use of incorrect surgical strategies may result in complications such as implant migration and neurological deficits. In this paper, we outline our surgical strategies for multilevel cervical disc replacement and hybrid surgery, summarized into five key points.

Spondylodiscitis refers to infectious conditions affecting the vertebral column, and its incidence has steadily increased in recent decades. Imaging plays a crucial role at every stage of the disease. Radiological techniques are essential for (i) the initial diagnosis of spondylodiscitis, (ii) distinguishing it from other causes such as inflammatory, degenerative, or calcific disorders, (iii) assessing disease progression, and (iv) providing indications of the microorganisms involved. The latter can be achieved either through minimally invasive procedures (e.g., CT-guided biopsy) or inferred non-invasively by analyzing the features presented in CT, positron emission tomography (PET) CT, or MRI scans. This comprehensive review aims to outline the multimodal imaging characteristics of spondylodiscitis, serving as a reference for physicians, including infectious disease specialists, spine surgeons, and radiologists. Additionally, this review may offer insights for future research articles.

The fragmented nature of previous research has obscured a comprehensive understanding of the causes of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Among the risk factors, high blood pressure (BP) has the strongest evidence for causality and a high prevalence. Normal biological levels of BP are significantly lower than what has traditionally been considered normal in both research and clinical practice. We propose that CVD is largely driven by a rightward shift in the population distribution of BP. Our view, which positions BP as the primary risk factor for CVD, is supported by conceptual frameworks tested in observational studies and clinical trials. Large cohort studies have identified high BP as a major risk factor for heart failure, atrial fibrillation, chronic kidney disease, heart valve disorders, aortic syndromes, and dementia, in addition to coronary heart disease and stroke. Multivariate modeling has shown that the attributable risk of high BP for stroke and coronary heart disease has increased as definitions of normal BP have shifted to lower values. Meta-analyses of BP-lowering randomized controlled trials have shown benefits closely matching predictions based on BP risk relationships in cohort studies. Preventing age-related increases in BP, along with intensive treatment of established hypertension, could significantly reduce the vascular outcomes typically associated with aging and alleviate much of the population's burden of BP-related CVD.

As we said above, in Uzbek textology, considerable scientific and practical experience has been accumulated in the study of literary sources, transliteration into the current script, and their publication. In particular, practical efforts to transliterate the great heritage of Mir Alisher Navoi were carried out in several stages. The first research works on the scientific study of the text of Navoi’s works started mainly in 1938 . Until this, there was no notable research work except for the collection "Examples of Uzbek Literature" published in 1928 . Initially, a shortened version of “Khamsa” was published in connection with the 500th anniversary of the birth of Alisher Navoi. Then the transliterated text of the poet's works such as “Chor devan” (“Four divans”), “Muhokamat al-lughatayn” (“The Trial of the Two Languages”), “Mahbub al-qulub” (“Beloved of hearts”) was published .