MAKTAB YOSHIDAGI BOLALARDA OVQATLANISH ORQALI D VITAMINI TA’MINLANGANLIGI VA IMMUN HUJAYRALAR, (MONOTSIT/MAKROFAG, T-HUJAYRA) IMMUN MODULYATSIYASI
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So‘nggi yillarda D vitaminining biologik roli haqidagi tushunchalar tubdan o‘zgardi. Ilgari asosan kaltsiy-fosfat almashinuvi va suyak sog‘ligi uchun muhim steroid gormon sifatida tan olingan bo‘lsa, bugungi kunda uning pleiotrop ta’sirlari, ayniqsa immun tizimini modulyatsiya qilishdagi o‘rni ilmiy jamoatchilikning diqqat markazida turibdi. Ushbu keng qamrovli sharh maktab yoshidagi bolalarda ovqatlanish orqali D vitamini bilan ta’minlanganlik holati va uning asosiy immun hujayralar — monotsitlar, makrofaglar va T-limfotsitlar faoliyatiga ta’sirini 2015-2025-yillardagi ilg‘or xalqaro tadqiqotlar asosida tahlil qiladi. D vitaminining immunomodulyator ta’siri uning deyarli barcha immun hujayralarida, jumladan monotsitlar va T-hujayralarida mavjud bo‘lgan yadroviy D vitamini retseptorlari (VDR) orqali amalga oshiriladi. VDR faollashuvi yuzlab genlarning, jumladan antimikrob peptidlar (katesilidin, beta-defenzin) sintezi va yallig‘lanishga qarshi sitokinlar ishlab chiqarilishini boshqaradi. Tadqiqotlar shuni ko‘rsatadiki, maktab yoshidagi bolalar orasida D vitamini tanqisligi (qon zardobidagi 25(OH)D darajasining <20 ng/mL) va yetishmovchiligi (21-29 ng/mL) dunyoning turli mintaqalarida, jumladan quyoshli iqlimli hududlarda ham keng tarqalgan muammo bo‘lib qolmoqda.
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