This article explores the phenomenon of small-scale sculpture within the cultural context of pre-Islamic Central Asia. It analyzes the artistic characteristics, functions, and symbolic meanings of these objects within the framework of religious beliefs, everyday life, and the aesthetic views of ancient societies in the region. Particular attention is paid to terracotta and bronze items and their role in ritual practices, decorative and applied arts, and educational traditions. The author emphasizes the importance of small-scale sculpture as a bearer of sacred and mythological meanings, as well as a valuable source for understanding the mentality and worldview of ancient peoples. Key challenges in the study of small-scale sculpture are identified, including insufficient research, the fragmentary nature of findings, and difficulties of interpretation. This work is intended for researchers, educators, and creative practitioners interested in art history, archaeology, and the cultural heritage of Central Asia.

Central Asia, pre-Islamic period, small-scale sculpture, terracotta, bronze, ancient art, religious symbolism, Zoroastrianism, Bactria, Sogdiana, archaeology, cultural heritage, artistic tradition, decorative arts.

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