RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS ON GRID ( FOR CONNECTED ), OFF GRID ( AUTONOMOUS ) AND HYBRID SYSTEMS IMPLEMENTATION TO DO
Keywords:
solar photovoltaic system, on-grid, off-grid, hybrid system, solar panel, inverter, controller, battery, grid connection, autonomous system, renewable energy, crystalline silicon, electricity losses, mini-photovoltaic plant, sale of excess energy, zero energy consumption.Abstract
This article analyzes the operating principles, components, and applications of three main types of solar photovoltaic systems used in residential buildings: on-grid, off-grid, and hybrid systems. The advantages of crystalline silicon-based solar cells, the problem of electricity losses in Uzbekistan, and the importance of mini-photovoltaic plants in this regard are discussed. Schematic diagrams, main components (panels, inverters, controllers, batteries), and their interconnection are described in detail for each type of system. The possibilities of selling excess energy to the grid, tariff systems, and methods for achieving zero energy consumption throughout the year are also presented. In conclusion, on-grid systems are considered the most optimal for high-power consumers, while hybrid systems are considered the most optimal for households and areas with frequent grid outages.
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