International Bulletin of Medical Sciences and Clinical Research
International Bulletin of Medical Sciences and Clinical Research (ISSN-2750-3399) is an open access international peer reviewed german journal. IBMSCR publishes research monthly frequency basis. we explore your research worldwide by international Database indexings. we provide all articles crossref metadata link, google scholar, microsoft academic, Metadata Indexing and much more worldwide international indexings. Administer With Case Save Time With Automation 5000 Online Courses
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FUNKSIONAL OZIQ-OVQAT MAHSULOTLARINING INSON SALOMATLIGINI MUSTAHKAMLASHDAGI AHAMIYATI
Maqolada funksional oziq-ovqat mahsulotlarining inson salomatligini saqlash va mustahkamlashdagi o‘rni yoritilgan. Funksional mahsulotlarning tarkibi, ularning organizmga foydali ta’siri, bolalar ovqatlanishidagi ahamiyati hamda O‘zbekistonda ushbu yo‘nalishni rivojlantirish istiqbollari tahlil qilingan. Funksional ovqatlanishning zamonaviy jamiyatdagi dolzarbligi va sog‘lom turmush tarzini shakllantirishdagi o‘rni ko‘rsatib berilgan.
funksional ovqatlanish, probiotiklar, prebiotiklar, vitaminlar, minerallar, bolalar mahsulotlari, sog‘lom ovqatlanish, oziq-ovqat texnologiyasi.
Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
THE GENESIS OF STRESS IN MODERN SOCIETY: A BIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF CONTRIBUTING FACTORS AND EFFECTIVE STRATEGIES FOR OVERCOMING IT.
This scientific article systematically examines stress — one of the most pressing problems of modern society — along with its underlying causes and its negative effects on the human body. The study sheds light on the hormonal (cortisol, adrenaline) and psycho-physiological mechanisms of stress. Through clinical analysis, the article demonstrates the effectiveness of scientifically grounded methods such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, physical activity, time management, and digital detox in reducing stress levels. In addition, a comprehensive set of practical solutions and preventive recommendations for neutralizing chronic stress has been developed.
stress, cortisol, distress, homeostasis, cognitive adaptation, mental health, autonomic nervous system, digital detox.
GAMIFICATION IN TEACHING WRITING:OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES
The integration of gamification into education has gained significant attention as an innovative strategy for enhancing student engagement and learning outcomes. In English language teaching, writing is often considered one of the most challenging skills for learners due to the complexity of organizing ideas, applying grammatical rules, and maintaining coherence. As a result, educators are increasingly exploring gamification as a means of making writing instruction more interactive, motivating, and effective. This study examines the opportunities and challenges associated with the use of gamification in teaching writing to English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners. Gamification refers to the application of game elements such as points, badges, leaderboards, rewards, levels, and challenges in non-game educational contexts. These elements can increase learners’ motivation, encourage participation, and create a positive learning environment. In writing classes, gamification can transform traditional writing tasks into engaging activities that promote creativity, collaboration, and active learning. Students are often more willing to practice writing when they receive immediate feedback and recognition for their achievements.
Gamification, writing skills, EFL learners, student motivation, educational technology, language learning, writing instruction, learner engagement.
EXPERIENCE IN FORMING PROFESSIONAL AND CREATIVE COMPETENCIES OF FUTURE TEACHERS THROUGH QUEST TECHNOLOGY IN PHYSICS EDUCATION
This article presents the experience of developing pre-service physics teachers’ professional and creative competencies through the use of quest technology in physics education. The study analyzes the dynamics of students’ creative thinking, problem-solving, collaboration, and decision-making skills formed during quest-based learning activities. The effectiveness of the quest method in integrating theoretical and practical aspects of physics education is scientifically justified. Experimental results demonstrate that the use of quest technology significantly enhances students’ professional creativity, motivation, and engagement in the learning process.
physics education, quest technology, creative competence, professional development, learning process, interactive method, experimental study.
MUSIC EDUCATION BASED ON MODERN TECHNOLOGIES
This thesis examines the didactic and methodological potential of modern digital technologies in music education. The aim is to substantiate the conditions for the effective use of LMS platforms, mobile applications, audio-analysis tools, and selected artificial intelligence elements in developing aural, performance, and theoretical competencies. The methodology integrates a competence-based approach, blended learning, and data-informed assessment. The scientific novelty lies in proposing criteria for aligning technological tools with specific musical activities and learning outcomes.
digital pedagogy, blended learning, aural skills, performance skills, audio analysis, learning management system, formative assessment.
SELECTION OF EFFECTIVE INSECTICIDES FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF WILLOW LEAF BEETLE (PLAGIODERA VERSICOLORA LAICH.) AND EVALUATION OF THEIR EFFICACY
This article investigates the bioecological characteristics and phenological development of the willow leaf beetle (Plagiodera versicolor Laich), which is considered one of the major pests of willow trees. The study also focuses on the selection of effective insecticides against the pest, determination of their biological efficacy, and regulation of pest population density. The research findings provide a scientific basis for determining the optimal control period, application rates of chemical insecticides, and the development of practical recommendations for effective pest management.
Plagiodera versicolor, willow leaf beetle, willow biocenosis, insecticide, phenology, population, ornamental trees.
РОЛЬ НАРУШЕНИЙ ФОЛАТНОГО ОБМЕНА В ФОРМИРОВАНИИ ОСЛОЖНЕНИЙ БЕРЕМЕННОСТИ У ЖЕНЩИН С ОТЯГОЩЕННЫМ АКУШЕРСКИМ АНАМНЕЗОМ
В статье представлены результаты исследования, направленного на изучение течения и исходов беременности у женщин с отягощенным акушерским анамнезом, включая врожденные пороки развития плода и неразвивающуюся беременность. Установлена значимая роль нарушений фолатного обмена и гипергомоцистеинемии в развитии акушерских и перинатальных осложнений. Показано, что применение метилфолата в сочетании с витамином В12 способствует снижению уровня гомоцистеина, нормализации показателей гемостаза и улучшению исходов беременности.
неразвивающаяся беременность, врожденные пороки развития, гипергомоцистеинемия, фолатный обмен, плацентарная дисфункция, перинатальные исходы.
VITAMIN THERAPY IN LIVER CIRRHOSIS WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON NEUROVITAN: PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, CLINICAL APPLICATION, AND REGIONAL PRACTICE (UZBEKISTAN EXPERIENCE)
Liver cirrhosis is a chronic progressive liver disease characterized by diffuse fibrosis, regenerative nodules, and irreversible destruction of normal hepatic architecture. It remains a major global and regional public health problem, including in Uzbekistan, where viral hepatitis B and C and alcohol-related liver disease are the leading causes. Nutritional deficiencies, particularly of B-group vitamins, are highly prevalent in cirrhotic patients and significantly contribute to neurological, metabolic, hematological, and immunological dysfunction.
liver cirrhosis, vitamin therapy, Neurovitan, B-complex vitamins, hepatic encephalopathy, Uzbekistan, Andijan, alcoholic liver disease
ВЫБОР ТАКТИКИ ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ПОВРЕЖДЕНИЯ РОСТКОВЫХ ЗОН ВЕРХНЕЙ КОНЕЧНОСТИ У ДЕТЕЙ.
Разработать план мероприятий и применение его для улучшения результатов лечение повреждения ростковых зон верхней конечности у детей.
Ростковая зона, верхний конечность, лазеротерапия.
THE INTERESTS OF YOUTH IN BUILDING THE NEW UZBEKISTAN
The article shows the role, position and duties of young people in society.The fact that neglect of young people in society has sad social consequences is justified on the example of a positive system. Protecting the needs and interests inherent in young people is shown to be an important factor in the establishment of a new Uzbekistan.
THE ROLE OF MEDIA EDUCATION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL THINKING IN STUDENTS
The article provides a scientific basis for the development of ecological thinking among student youth within the educational process, as well as highlights the role and significance of media education. It emphasizes the importance of integrating modern media tools into teaching practices to enhance students’ ecological awareness and environmental culture. The study also analyzes how mass media and media education contribute to shaping ecological knowledge, environmental responsibility, and critical thinking skills in the context of contemporary educational systems.
Education, ecology, environmental thinking, youth, media universe, media education, media environment, mass media, radio, television, internet, social networks, pedagogical technology.
PRACTICAL FOUNDATIONS FOR IMPROVING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MUSIC THERAPY SERVICES
This article analyzes the practical foundations for improving the effectiveness of music therapy services, as well as its socio-pedagogical essence and mechanisms of impact, based on theoretical research and experimental results. The study identifies the key factors that determine the effectiveness of the music therapy process and develops methodological recommendations aimed at improving and optimizing these factors.
music therapy, socio-pedagogical activity, innovative technologies, rehabilitation, effectiveness, methodology.
ACUTE RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS AND PYELONEPHRITIS DURING PREGNANCY: MATERNAL RISKS, PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS, AND PERINATAL OUTCOMES
Pregnancy is associated with physiological, anatomical, and immunological changes that predispose women to infectious diseases. Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) and pyelonephritis are among the most common causes of maternal morbidity during gestation. The coexistence of these conditions may significantly increase systemic inflammatory responses and contribute to adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. This narrative review summarizes current evidence regarding epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, management, and pregnancy outcomes associated with concurrent ARIs and pyelonephritis. Available evidence suggests that combined infectious processes increase the risk of maternal complications, including sepsis, respiratory insufficiency, anemia, and acute kidney injury, while also contributing to preterm birth, fetal growth restriction, and neonatal morbidity. Early recognition, multidisciplinary management, and preventive strategies remain crucial for improving maternal and perinatal outcomes.
pregnancy, acute respiratory infection, pyelonephritis, urinary tract infection, maternal outcomes, perinatal outcomes, inflammation.
STRESS HORMONAL RESPONSE AND METABOLIC ADAPTATION UNDER LOW-FLOW SEVOFLURANE ANESTHESIA IN CHILDREN UNDERGOING LAPAROSCOPIC VERSUS OPEN ENDOUROLOGICAL SURGERY: A PROSPECTIVE COMPARATIVE STUDY
The magnitude of the surgical stress response in pediatric patients constitutes a critical determinant of perioperative morbidity, metabolic homeostasis, and postoperative recovery quality. Neuroendocrine activation elicited by surgical trauma manifests primarily through hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis stimulation, resulting in measurable elevations of serum cortisol, secondary disruption of pancreatic insulin secretion, and peripheral tissue hypoperfusion reflected in elevated blood lactate concentrations. Children are particularly susceptible to stress-mediated hormonal dysregulation owing to the relative immaturity of hypothalamic regulatory mechanisms and limited glycogen reserves. Whereas minimally invasive endourological techniques are presumed to attenuate the magnitude of this neuroendocrine response compared to open surgery, objective biochemical evidence in the pediatric population under standardized low-flow volatile anesthesia remains sparse. Characterizing the dynamics of cortisol, insulin, and lactate across surgical modalities is therefore of direct clinical and scientific importance.
STORAGE CONDITIONS AND SHELF-LIFE DETERMINATION OF THE HEPATOPROTECTIVE HERBAL TEA “HEPAGAL”
This article presents the results of scientific research aimed at determining the shelf life and storage conditions of the “HEPAGAL” herbal tea. The optimal composition and production technology of this hepatoprotective herbal tea, developed on the basis of locally sourced medicinal plant raw materials, were established, and its quantitative and qualitative indicators were evaluated through a comprehensive analysis. At the initial stages of the study, the appearance, color, moisture content, particle-size (fineness) fraction, mass per individual tea bag, and total flavonoid content (expressed as rutin equivalent) of the herbal tea were determined, and the measurement results were recorded. The prepared herbal mixture was packed into filter tea bags approved for use in medical practice and stored under natural conditions, at room temperature, for 30 months. Throughout the storage period, the above-mentioned quality indicators of the herbal tea and the dynamics of the release of biologically active substances into hot water were investigated on a regular basis. The results obtained confirmed the qualitative stability and satisfactory performance of the samples stored in all filter-bag packaging materials. On this basis, the guaranteed shelf life of the “HEPAGAL” hepatoprotective herbal tea was established at 2 years.
hepatoprotectors, plant raw materials, biologically active substances, assessment of quality indicators, sachet bag, filter tea bag, natural storage conditions, shelf life.
ORGANIZATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE: MODERN APPROACHES AND EXPERIENCE IN UZBEKISTAN
This article examines the provision of mental health services to patients in primary health care (PHC) facilities. In recent years, access to mental health services in Tashkent and across Uzbekistan has declined. The study highlights that patients attending regional polyclinics demonstrate a substantial need for psychotherapeutic and psychiatric care. Strategies to expand and improve the efficiency of these services are proposed.
mental health services in primary care, psychotherapeutic support, limited coverage, rising demand, development strategies
COMPREHENSIVE CLINICAL ANALYSIS OF RHINOSINUSITIS: PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND MULTI-MODAL TREATMENT
Rhinosinusitis represents a widespread and multi-layered inflammatory process of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses that imposes a substantial socioeconomic and clinical burden worldwide. This analytical review provides an extensive examination of rhinosinusitis, tracing its trajectory from intricate cellular immunopathology and molecular endotyping to state-of-the-art therapeutic paradigms. We explore the critical synergy between advanced non-pharmacological interventions, conventional topical therapies, and the emerging revolution of "pathway-specific" biologic agents, such as monoclonal antibodies. Furthermore, this review addresses the underlying drivers of clinical heterogeneity, the impact of stubborn microbial biofilms, and the challenges of managing recalcitrant disease variants. By integrating physiological thresholds, anatomical barriers, and host immune responsiveness, this work highlights the clinical necessity of transitioning toward a highly personalized, endotype-driven framework in modern otorhinolaryngology.
МЕТРОЛОГИЧЕСКОЕ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЕ ИЗМЕРЕНИЙ УРОВНЯ ЖИДКИХ ВЕЩЕСТВ В МЕРАХ ВМЕСТИМОСТИ
Представлен обзор метрологического обеспечение измерений уровня жидких веществ в мерах вместимости и обоснование применения средств поверки уровнемеров.
порог чувствительности уровнемера, мера вместимости, измерение уровня, точность, эталон, уровнемер.
PSORIAZDA KOMBINATSIYALANGAN TERAPIYA: SCAFO PREPARATI VA TOR SPEKTRLI NB-UVB FOTOTERAPIYASINING BIRGALIKDAGI QO‘LLANILISHILLANILISH
Mazkur tezisda psoriaz kasalligini davolashda kombinatsiyalangan terapiyaning samaradorligi tahlil qilinadi. Xususan, SCAFO preparati va tor spektrli NB-UVB fototerapiyasining birgalikdagi qo‘llanilishi natijasida klinik belgilar regressiyasi, yallig‘lanish jarayonining kamayishi hamda bemorlarning hayot sifati yaxshilanishi o‘rganildi. Tadqiqot natijalari kompleks davolash usuli monoterapiyaga nisbatan samaraliroq ekanligini ko‘rsatdi.
psoriaz, NB-UVB fototerapiya, SCAFO preparati, kombinatsiyalangan terapiya, dermatologiya, immun yallig‘lanish.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE COMMUNICATIVE APPROACH IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING
Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) is considered one of the most effective approaches in modern English language education because it focuses on meaningful interaction and practical language use. Unlike traditional teaching methods that emphasize grammar memorization and translation, CLT encourages students to communicate actively in real-life situations. This study examines the effectiveness of the communicative approach in improving learners’ speaking, listening, reading, and writing skills. The research is based on qualitative methods, including a literature review and classroom observation. The findings indicate that communicative activities such as pair work, discussions, and role plays increase student motivation, confidence, and classroom participation. In addition, learners develop better communicative competence and fluency through interactive tasks. However, certain challenges, including large classroom sizes and limited teaching resources, may affect successful implementation. Overall, the study concludes that the communicative approach remains an effective methodology for English language teaching in contemporary educational settings.
Communicative Language Teaching, English Language Teaching, Communicative Competence, Learner-Centered Learning, Classroom Interaction, ELT Methodology.
DIFFERENTIATED ANALYSIS OF ANTERIOR, CENTRAL AND POSTERIOR MEDULLARY SYNDROMES IN CERVICAL RADICULOMYELOPATHY
Cervical spondylotic radiculomyelopathy (CSR) is one of the most common forms of degenerative spinal disorders, leading to compression of the spinal cord and nerve roots. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical and neurological manifestations of various types of medullary syndromes and to identify patterns in their development depending on morphological and neurophysiological factors. A comprehensive analysis of 77 patients with various forms of radiculomyelopathy was conducted. Significant differences in clinical manifestations were identified for anterior medullary, centromedullary, and posterior medullary syndromes.
cervical spondylotic radiculomyelopathy, myelopathy, medullary syndromes, mJOA, Nurick, VAS, NDI.
XOFIZ TANISH BUXORIYNING “SHARAFNOMAYI SHOHIY” ASARIDAGI ANTROPONIMLARNING ETNIK KELIB CHIQISH TAHLILI
Ushbu maqolada XVI asrning buyuk tarixchi va adib Xofiz Tanish Buxoriyning «Abdullanoma» («Sharafnomai shohiy») nomli tarixiy-badiiy asarida uchraydigan shaxs nomlari — antroponimlar — etnik kelib chiqishiga ko'ra tahlil qilinadi va tasniflashtiriladi. Tadqiqotda turkiy, forsiy-tojik, arab, mo'g'ul va slavyan-rus guruhlarga mansub antroponimlar miqdoran va sifat jihatdan o'rganiladi. Natijalar shuni ko'rsatadiki, asardagi antroponimik landshaft Shayboniylar davri ko'p etnikli siyosiy muhitini to'liq aks ettiradi va Markaziy Osiyo onomastikasini o'rganishda muhim manba bo'lib xizmat qiladi.
Abdullanoma, Xofiz Tanish Buxoriy, antroponim, etnonim, onomastika, Shayboniylar, o'zbek tilshunosligi, nom tasnifi.
HOFIZ TANISH BUXORIYNING “ABDULLANOMA” ASARI TIL XUSUSIYATLARI
Ushbu maqolada Xofiz tanish Buxoriyning “Abdullanoma”asarida keltirilgan etnonimlar o‘rganib chiqilgan. Ularning asrardagi ma’no va mavzu yuzasidan tahlili hamda ularning antroponimik jihatdan kelib chiqishi ilmiy manbalarga tayangan holda tahlil qilingan.
etnonim, antroponim, onomastika, “Abdullanoma”, leksik-semantik, ma’no-mazmun
SYNTHESIS OF ACETYLENE SERIES TRIOLS AND THEIR INVESTIGATION
This study is devoted to the synthesis of monoesters of acetylene triols as biologically active compounds and the investigation of their properties. The aim of the research was to obtain new compounds with practical and pharmacological significance. The monoesters were synthesized by condensation of 1-alkoxy-4-pentyn-2-ols with acetone under Favorskii reaction conditions. The reaction was carried out in liquid ammonia medium at low temperatures (from –35 to –40 °C) in the presence of potassium hydroxide. As a result, six new monoester derivatives of acetylene triols were obtained. It was established that the structure of the alkyl radical significantly affects the yield of the final products. Higher yields were observed for methyl and ethyl derivatives, whereas the yield decreased with increasing alkyl chain length. The almost complete absence of by-products indicates the high selectivity of the reaction. The structure and purity of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by thin-layer chromatography (TLC), IR spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. Characteristic absorption bands corresponding to OH, C≡C, and C–O–C groups were identified in the IR spectra.
REGENERATIVE PROPERTIES OF PHARMACEUTICAL CREAMS BASED ON CARTHAMUS TINCTORIUS L. EXTRACT: PHARMACOLOGICAL MECHANISMS OF ACTION AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES
Carthamus tinctorius, commonly known as safflower, has attracted increasing scientific interest due to its diverse pharmacologically active compounds and broad therapeutic potential in topical pharmaceutical formulations. The plant is rich in flavonoids, phenolic compounds, polyunsaturated fatty acids, hydroxysafflor yellow A, and other bioactive constituents exhibiting antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and tissue-regenerative activities. In recent years, pharmaceutical creams containing Carthamus tinctorius L. extract have emerged as promising candidates for the management of skin injuries, inflammatory dermatoses, burns, chronic wounds, and cosmetic skin regeneration.
Carthamus tinctorius L.; safflower extract; pharmaceutical cream; wound healing; skin regeneration; antioxidant activity; anti-inflammatory activity; flavonoids; topical formulation; regenerative dermatology.
ADVANTAGES OF CASE STUDIES TO ENHANCE COMMUNICATION SKILLS IN THE MEDICAL FIELD
This article highlights the importance of the case study method in developing communication skills within the medical field. In medical practice, effective communication between a doctor and a patient is a crucial factor in accurately diagnosing illnesses, organizing the treatment process, and earning the patient's trust. Case studies enable students to analyze real clinical situations, make decisions in problematic circumstances, work in a team, and develop professional communicative competencies. This method also serves to cultivate students' critical thinking, empathy, and listening skills. The article analyzes the advantages of the case study method and its effectiveness in the medical education process.
medical education, communication skills, case study, communicative competence, clinical situation, doctor-patient relationship, interactive education, critical thinking, empathy, medical pedagogy.
DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES OF TASTE AND OLFACTORY ANALYZERS IN CHILDREN WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENTS ON THE BASIS OF INTEGRATED EDUCATION
The article explores the developmental peculiarities of taste and olfactory analyzers in children with visual impairments within the framework of integrated education. While vision serves as the dominant sensory modality in most children, visual deficits significantly transform the functional organization of compensatory sensory systems, particularly taste and smell. The study highlights the theoretical and methodological foundations of multisensory integration, focusing on how the absence or limitation of visual input enhances the reliance on gustatory and olfactory channels for cognitive, emotional, and social development. By analyzing neuropsychological and pedagogical literature, the paper demonstrates that taste and olfactory analyzers develop through distinct stages, each of which is influenced by educational context, social interaction, and the availability of sensory-rich learning environments. The paper further argues that integrated education creates favorable conditions for stimulating sensory plasticity, thereby fostering more effective adaptive mechanisms in visually impaired children. These findings contribute to the growing discourse on inclusive pedagogy and developmental psychology by underscoring the importance of integrative approaches in enhancing the sensory development of children with visual impairments.
Integrated education; visual impairment; taste analyzer; olfactory analyzer; sensory development; multisensory integration; compensatory mechanisms; inclusive pedagogy.
THE ROLE OF AI TOOLS IN PROMOTING AUTONOMY, MOTIVATION, AND INDEPENDENT LEARNING AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
The rapid integration of artificial intelligence (AI) tools into higher education has generated considerable scholarly interest in their capacity to transform traditional learning paradigms. This article examines the role of AI-powered tools — including intelligent tutoring systems, adaptive learning platforms, virtual assistants, and AI-driven feedback mechanisms — in fostering learner autonomy, enhancing academic motivation, and supporting independent learning among university students. Employing a systematic review methodology, the study synthesises evidence from peer-reviewed literature published between 2016 and 2024. Findings indicate that AI tools significantly support self-regulated learning behaviours, increase intrinsic motivation through personalised feedback, and reduce dependence on instructor-led instruction when implemented thoughtfully. However, effective outcomes are contingent upon institutional support, digital literacy, and pedagogically sound design. The article concludes with implications for educators and policymakers seeking to leverage AI responsibly in higher education contexts.
artificial intelligence in education, learner autonomy, academic motivation, independent learning, self-regulated learning, higher education, intelligent tutoring systems, adaptive learning
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEARNING STYLES AND VOCABULARY ACHIEVEMENT IN PRIMARY SCHOOL
Vocabulary acquisition represents a foundational pillar of literacy development in primary education, yet students exhibit markedly different patterns of lexical growth depending on their dominant learning styles. This article investigates the relationship between individual learning styles — visual, auditory, kinaesthetic, and read/write — and vocabulary achievement among primary school learners. Drawing on a mixed-methods research design involving 120 students aged 7–11 across three primary schools in Fergana region, the study employs both standardised vocabulary assessments and learning style inventories. Quantitative findings reveal statistically significant correlations between specific learning styles and vocabulary test performance, while qualitative data illuminate the instructional strategies that best accommodate each learner profile. Results indicate that visual and read/write learners consistently outperform peers in written vocabulary tasks, whereas kinaesthetic learners demonstrate stronger performance in contextually embedded vocabulary activities. The article concludes with evidence-based pedagogical recommendations for primary school teachers seeking to differentiate vocabulary instruction in alignment with diverse learner needs.
learning styles, vocabulary acquisition, primary education, VARK model, differentiated instruction, lexical development, English language teaching
KNOWLEDGE AND POWER IN RENAISSANCE DRAMA: MARLOWE AND SHAKESPEARE
This article examines the interplay of knowledge and power in Christopher Marlowe's Doctor Faustus (c. 1592) and William Shakespeare's The Tempest (1611). Drawing on New Historicist and Foucauldian frameworks, it argues that both playwrights construct knowledge not merely as intellectual achievement but as a contested site of political authority, social control, and transgression. Faustus's pursuit of forbidden knowledge reflects Elizabethan anxieties about humanism and damnation, while Prospero's mastery of learning consolidates colonial and patriarchal dominion. The analysis reveals how Renaissance drama encodes the ideological tensions of its era.
Renaissance drama, knowledge and power, Doctor Faustus, The Tempest, Christopher Marlowe, William Shakespeare, New Historicism, humanism, colonialism, transgression.