International Bulletin of Applied Science and Technology
International Bulletin of Applied Sciences and Technology - (ISSN-2750-3402) is an open access international peer reviewed german journal. IBAST publishes research monthly frequency basis. we explore your research worldwide by international Database indexings. we provide all articles crossref metadata link, google scholar, microsoft academic, Metadata Indexing and much more worldwide international indexings.
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PEDAGOGICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF CHOOSING REPERTURE IN MUSIC CULTURE LESSONS IN GENERAL EDUCATION SCHOOLS
This article highlights the pedagogical, psychological, and aesthetic significance of selecting repertoire in music culture lessons at general secondary schools. The issues of developing students’ musical abilities, forming their aesthetic taste, and educating them based on national musical heritage are analyzed. In addition, the scientific-methodological principles of selecting musical repertoire and the psychological developmental characteristics of students according to age stages are widely discussed.
Music culture, repertoire, aesthetic education, musical ability, primary education, national music, pedagogical principles, psychological characteristics, music education.
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TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIO-CULTURAL PROCESSES WITHIN FAMILIES IN NEW UZBEKISTAN
This article analyzes the developmental trends of socio-cultural processes occurring within families in New Uzbekistan. It highlights the role of the family in society, the modernization of family relations, the strengthening of the spiritual and educational environment, and the preservation of national values and traditions. The article also examines the impact of globalization, information and communication technologies, and social reforms on family life, the upbringing of youth, and the importance of ensuring family stability. The research findings indicate that the social and cultural development of families in New Uzbekistan is one of the crucial factors in the progress of society.
New Uzbekistan, family, socio-cultural processes, family relations, spirituality, national values, globalization, youth upbringing, family stability, social development.
THE ROLE OF THE NATIONAL IDEA AND NATIONAL IDEOLOGY IN EDUCATING A SPIRITUALLY MATURE PERSON DURING THE YEARS OF INDEPENDENCE
This article analyzes the role and significance of the national idea and national ideology in educating a spiritually mature and perfect person during the years of independence. The influence of the national idea and national ideology on the formation of patriotism, national pride, civic responsibility, and spiritual and moral qualities in the minds of the younger generation is highlighted.
national idea, national ideology, perfect person, spirituality, enlightenment, patriotism, national values, harmoniously developed generation, civic responsibility, independence.
THE ROLE OF THE FAMILY IN THE FORMATION OF HUMAN SPIRITUALITY
This article highlights the role and significance of the family in the formation of human spirituality. The functions of the family in raising children and its role in transmitting national and universal values from generation to generation are analyzed. It also examines the influence of the spiritual environment in the family, the personal example of parents, and the educational process on the moral, educational, and spiritual maturity of the younger generation. According to the research findings, a healthy family environment is considered a crucial factor in a person's spiritual development.
spirituality, family, upbringing, values, younger generation, spiritual maturity, moral education, family environment.
PEDAGOGICAL MODEL FOR DEVELOPING STUDENTS’ PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE THROUGH DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM
This study develops and experimentally validates the theoretical and methodological foundations of a pedagogical model for enhancing students’ professional competence through digital technologies in higher education. The research was grounded in the integration of competency-based approaches, digital pedagogy, and integrative educational technologies. The empirical stage involved 124 students divided into experimental and control groups, with 62 participants in each group. The study was conducted in two sequential phases: a diagnostic stage and an experimental-intervention stage. The analysis of competence-level dynamics demonstrated a substantial improvement in the experimental group, where the proportion of students with a high level of competence increased from 18% to 42%, while the percentage of students with low competence decreased from 30% to 12%. In contrast, the control group showed no statistically significant changes. The findings confirm that the pedagogical model developed on the basis of digital technologies exerts a comprehensive and statistically reliable influence on all structural components of professional competence.
professional competence, digital pedagogy, pedagogical model, experimental research, mathematical-statistical analysis, higher education, competency-based approach.
DESIGN APPROACH IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS OF TRAINING FUTURE PRESCHOOL EDUCATORS
This article examines the pedagogical potential of implementing a design approach in the educational process of training future preschool educators. The study investigates the development of students’ design competence through interdisciplinary integration, interactive teaching methods, innovative technologies, and project-based learning activities. The findings indicate that an educational process organized based on a design approach significantly contributes to the development of creative thinking, practical skills, and professional competence among future preschool educators. The study also highlights the importance of integrating pedagogical, psychological, and methodological knowledge in fostering a comprehensive professional outlook and improving educational outcomes.
design competence, instructional design, interactive methods, innovative technologies, interdisciplinary integration, future preschool educator, project-based learning
POMIDOR MEVALARINI QURITISHNING ZAMONAVIY USULLARI VA ULARNING OZUQAVIY QIYMATIGA TA’SIRI
Ushbu maqolada pomidor mevalarini quritishning zamonaviy va energiya tejamkor usullari, ularning an'anaviy usullardan afzalliklari hamda quritish jarayonining mahsulot tarkibidagi ozuqaviy moddalar (vitaminlar, antioksidantlar, likopin va minerallar) saqlanishiga ta’siri tahlil qilingan. Shuningdek, quritish texnologiyalarining mahsulot sifatini oshirish va eksportbopligini ta’minlashdagi roli yoritilgan.
Pomidor, konvektiv quritish, infratizil texnologiya, sublimatsiya, ozuqaviy qiymat, likopin, askorbin kislotasi (C vitamini), qayta ishlash, energiya tejamkorlik.
PEDAGOGICAL CONDITIONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SPORTS CULTURE AMONG STUDENT YOUTH
This article highlights the pedagogical conditions for developing sports culture among student youth, its theoretical and methodological foundations, and its significance in the educational process. Sports culture is analyzed as an important factor in the formation of students' physical development, adherence to a healthy lifestyle, social activity, and spiritual and moral qualities. The study examines pedagogical conditions serving the development of sports culture in higher education institutions, including the creation of a motivational environment, the use of innovative pedagogical technologies, the integration of sports activities with the educational process, the consideration of students' individual interests and needs, and the promotion of a healthy lifestyle. It also substantiates effective mechanisms for developing sports culture and their impact on the personal and professional development of student youth. The results of the study serve to improve pedagogical activities for the development of sports culture in the higher education system.
student youth, physical education, healthy lifestyle, pedagogical conditions, sports activities, physical activity, motivation, sports education, higher education, social activity.
PEDAGOGICAL FOUNDATIONS FOR IMPLEMENTING A COMPETENCY-BASED APPROACH IN MUSIC EDUCATION
This article analyzes the pedagogical foundations of implementing a competency-based approach in music education, its theoretical and methodological aspects, and its significance in the educational process. The role of the competency-based approach in improving the content of music education and harmonizing students' musical knowledge, skills, and abilities with practical activity is highlighted. Additionally, the possibilities of using effective methods for forming core and subject-specific competencies, innovative pedagogical technologies, and interactive methods in the process of music education are examined. According to the research results, it was established that music education organized on the basis of a competency-based approach serves to develop students' creative thinking, musical-aesthetic taste, communicative culture, and independent activity skills.
Music education, competency-based approach, pedagogical foundations, musical-aesthetic education, innovative pedagogical technologies, interactive methods, creative activity, musical literacy, educational process, development of competencies.
PERIPHRASIS IN POLITICAL DISCOURSE: COMMUNICATIVE FUNCTIONS, LINGUISTIC MECHANISMS, AND ETHICAL IMPLICATIONSE
This article examines periphrasis as an influential instrument of political discourse rather than a marginal stylistic ornament. In political texts, indirect naming is used to soften sensitive information, regulate public emotions, reduce the visibility of agency, and frame events in ways that appear legitimate, balanced, or necessary. The study is based on a qualitative discourse-analytic reading of forty English-language political texts published between 2015 and 2024, including speeches, press statements, and media-mediated political messages. The analysis shows that periphrastic expressions perform several recurrent functions: euphemization, strategic ambiguity, ideological framing, diplomatic politeness, and positive self-presentation. The article also demonstrates that these functions are supported by specific linguistic mechanisms such as nominalization, passive constructions, abstract evaluative vocabulary, and generalized institutional references. At the same time, periphrasis has a double effect. It may facilitate tact and communicative flexibility, but it may also weaken transparency and blur political accountability. The article concludes that the study of periphrasis is essential for understanding how political language organizes public perception and legitimizes particular interpretations of reality.
periphrasis; political discourse; euphemism; framing; strategic ambiguity; political language
THE NATURE OF LEADING IMAGERY IN THE NOVELLAS OF BAHODIR QOBUL
This article examines the nature of the central imagery in Bahodir Qobul’s novellas Enashamol (The Mother Wind) and Oy Yo‘li (The Moonlit Path). It elucidates the artistic and philosophical essence of the core protagonist, as well as the motifs of the mother, wind, memory, nature, moon, and the path created by the author. Furthermore, the functional role of these images within the thematic structure and poetic system of the novellas is thoroughly analyzed.
novella, image, leading imagery, symbolic motif, lyric-psychological depiction, memory, maternal image, wind motif, lunar imagery, the path archetype.
IMPROVING INTERNATIONAL LEGAL MECHANISMS FOR COMBATING TRANSNATIONAL CYBERCRIME
This article analyzes international legal mechanisms for combating transnational cybercrime in the context of globalization and rapid technological development. Particular attention is devoted to international conventions, jurisdictional issues, cyberterrorism, digital evidence, and international cooperation among law enforcement agencies. The article also examines the legal framework of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the field of cybersecurity and proposes recommendations aimed at strengthening international cooperation and harmonizing domestic legislation with international standards.
transnational cybercrime, cybersecurity, international law, Budapest Convention, cyberterrorism, digital evidence, international cooperation, jurisdiction, information security, cyber legislation.
ИСТОРИКО-ФИЛОСОФСКИЕ ОСНОВАНИЯ ПРОТИВОДЕЙСТВИЯ КОРРУПЦИИ: ИНТЕГРАТИВНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ ЗАКОНОВ ХАММУРАПИ, РИМСКОГО ПРАВА И КОНФУЦИАНСКОЙ ЭТИКИ
В статье проводится сравнительный анализ историко-философских истоков противодействия коррупции на основе трёх цивилизационных моделей: правового порядка Древней Месопотамии (законы Хаммурапи), юридико-гражданской ответственности Древнего Рима и нравственно-этической модели управления в конфуцианской традиции. Показано, что в древних обществах коррупция рассматривалась не только как правонарушение, но и как подрыв справедливости, общественного доверия и морального долга. В Месопотамии применялись механизмы экономико-правового контроля, в Риме — правовой ответственности и общественного надзора, в конфуцианстве — нравственного саморегулирования. На основе сравнительного анализа обосновывается интегративная модель противодействия коррупции, сочетающая правовые и моральные механизмы управления.
коррупция, законы Хаммурапи, римское право, конфуцианство, этика управления, общественное доверие, антикоррупционная культура, исторические корни
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AS A TOOL FOR ENRICHING THE ACTIVE PHRASEOLOGICAL VOCABULARY OF PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
This article examines methodological approaches to developing the phraseological vocabulary of primary school students. It presents a system of exercises, a pedagogical experiment, and research results confirming the effectiveness of using phraseological units with the integration of artificial intelligence.
phraseology, speech development, primary school, teaching methods, communicative competence, pedagogical experiment, artificial intelligence (AI), multimedia resources, neural network.
O‘QUV FAOLIYATIDAN QONIQQANLIKNING PSIXOLOGIK FENOMEN SIFATIDAGI NAZARIY-METODOLOGIK TALQINI
Mazkur maqolada o‘quv faoliyatidan qoniqqanlikning psixologik fenomen sifatidagi nazariy-metodologik asoslari tahlil qilingan. Shuningdek, “qoniqish” va “qoniqqanlik” tushunchalarining mazmun-mohiyati, ularning o‘quv faoliyati jarayonidagi psixologik xususiyatlari hamda motivatsion ahamiyati yoritilgan. Tadqiqotda o‘quv faoliyatidan qoniqqanlikning tarkibiy komponentlari, jumladan, ta’lim jarayoni mazmuni, tarbiyaviy muhit, kelajak kasbiga munosabat, kursdoshlar va professor-o‘qituvchilar bilan o‘zaro aloqalar, shuningdek, talabaning kundalik hayotidan qoniqish darajalari ilmiy jihatdan tahlil etilgan. Muallif tomonidan o‘quv faoliyatidan qoniqqanlikning ijtimoiy moslashuv, kasbiy adaptatsiya hamda talabaning shaxsiy rivojlanishidagi o‘rni ochib berilgan.
o‘quv faoliyati, qoniqqanlik, qoniqish, psixologik fenomen, motivatsiya, ijtimoiy moslashuv, kasbiy adaptatsiya, talaba shaxsi, ta’lim jarayoni, o‘quv motivlari, psixologik muhit, ta’lim sifati.
OPPORTUNITIES FOR USING DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM OF UZBEKISTAN
The article analyzes the theoretical and practical opportunities for using digital technologies in the higher education system of Uzbekistan, especially in pedagogical fields. The authors demonstrate the didactic and organizational functions of the HEMIS and Moodle systems, as well as the importance of cloud technologies such as Google Docs and Microsoft Office 365 in collaborative learning and the creation of digital portfolios. The possibilities of synchronous platforms such as Zoom and Google Meet for ensuring hybrid didactics through breakout rooms and virtual whiteboards are also discussed.
Digital technologies, higher education, HEMIS, Moodle, nonlinear teaching, social constructivism, cloud technologies, digital portfolio, synchronous learning, hybrid didactics, facilitator.
THEORETICAL AND CRIMINAL-LEGAL ANALYSIS OF CRIMES AGAINST THE FOUNDATIONS OF THE ECONOMY
This article scientifically and practically analyzes the concept, system, classification, and criminal-legal characteristics of crimes against the foundations of the economy, as established in Chapter XII of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The four main elements of a crime object, objective aspect, subjective aspect, and subject are examined separately. In addition, the distinguishing features of this group of crimes from other economic crimes, aggravating circumstances, and institutions of exemption from liability are highlighted. At the end of the article, the author presents proposals aimed at improving the current legislation.
foundations of the economy, crime, legal characterization, object, subject, corpus delicti, monetary-credit system, taxation, currency circulation.
IJTIMOIY-SIYOSIY MATNLAR TARJIMASINING PRAGMATIK XUSUSIYATLARI
Mazkur maqolada ijtimoiy-siyosiy matnlar tarjimasining pragmatik xususiyatlari, ularning lingvistik va kommunikativ jihatlari tahlil qilingan. Ijtimoiy-siyosiy matnlarni tarjima qilish jarayonida mazmun aniqligi, uslubiy moslik, milliy-madaniy birliklar va pragmatik maqsadlarning saqlanishi muhim omil sifatida o‘rganilgan. Shuningdek, siyosiy diskursning tarjimada aks etishi, auditoriyaga ta’sir etuvchi vositalarning qayta ifodalanishi hamda tarjimonning kommunikativ vazifasi yoritilgan. Tadqiqot natijalari ijtimoiy-siyosiy matnlar tarjimasida pragmatik yondashuv muhim ahamiyat kasb etishini ko‘rsatadi.
ijtimoiy-siyosiy matn, tarjima, pragmatika, siyosiy diskurs, kommunikativ maqsad, lingvistik birlik, madaniy moslik, auditoriya, uslub, interpretatsiya.
DESCRIPTION OF THE ACTIVITIES OF THE INTERNAL AFFAIRS BODIES IN THE PREVENTION OF CRIMES DURING PUBLIC EVENTS
The article focuses on the importance of holding public events in the public order maintenance activities of internal affairs bodies. In this regard, it is aimed at determining the role of internal affairs bodies in ensuring public safety, the directions for improving their activities. It is an effective tool for the prevention of crimes, quick detection and detection of violations, preventive effect and coordination of the activities of law enforcement agencies in public order maintenance activities of internal affairs bodies. At the same time, it is described that the legal basis and integration mechanisms will be organized based on modern requirements.
public order, public safety, prevention, public events.
SOME ASPECTS OF ENSURING ROAD TRAFFIC SAFETY
This article analyzes several important aspects of ensuring road traffic safety. It examines the main causes of road traffic accidents, their consequences, and preventive measures. Special attention is also given to forming a safety culture among drivers and pedestrians, improving legislation, and applying modern information and technical tools (intelligent transport systems, video surveillance, digital platforms). The article develops practical methods and proposals for improving road traffic safety in the context of Uzbekistan.
road traffic safety, road traffic accidents, prevention, safety culture, intelligent transport systems, drivers, pedestrians, legislation, monitoring
CURRENT ISSUES IN ORGANIZING THE INDIVIDUAL PREVENTION OF OFFENSES
This article examines the legal and methodological foundations for organizing the individual prevention of offenses, and also provides a comprehensive analysis of the use of digital technologies and innovative forms of resocialization when working with individuals under preventive supervision. Furthermore, it presents scientific and practical proposals aimed at applying foreign experience and curbing criminogenic degradation in order to eliminate systemic problems encountered in practice and increase the effectiveness of the field.
individual prevention, prevention inspector, preventive conversation, official warning, social rehabilitation, preventive registration, innovative supervision, resocialization.
PROCESSES OF ACCESSION TO THE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION AND ITS IMPACT ON THE ECONOMY OF UZBEKISTAN
This article provides a detailed analysis of the theoretical and practical aspects of accession to the World Trade Organization. It examines the stages of accession, required economic and legal reforms, and the current progress of Uzbekistan in this process. The results show that WTO membership contributes to economic openness, expansion of export potential, and improvement of the investment climate.
WTO, international trade, export, liberalization, economic reforms, global integration
USING INTERACTIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN PIANO TEACHING
This article analyzes the pedagogical possibilities, methodological advantages, and significance of using interactive technologies in the piano education process for developing students' performance competencies, examining mechanisms for developing vocal abilities, a sense of rhythm, technical performance skills, and independent learning skills. The article substantiates the didactic possibilities of the interactive approach in organizing individual learning, increasing motivation, and effectively managing the educational process.
piano education, interactive technologies, digital pedagogy, music education, multimedia tools, virtual learning, artificial intelligence, interactive learning, independent study.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SCAFFOLDING TECHNIQUES IN TASK-BASED ENGLISH LANGUAGE INSTRUCTION
Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT) is widely recognized as an effective approach for developing communicative language skills through meaningful interaction and real-life tasks. However, many students experience difficulties while completing tasks independently, especially in ESP classrooms. In such situations, scaffolding strategies can provide necessary support and help learners participate more actively in communication. This article explores the role of scaffolding in TBLT and its contribution to the development of students’ linguistic competence in higher education. The study discusses how scaffolded support during different task stages improves learners’ vocabulary use, speaking performance, collaboration, and confidence. The article also highlights the connection between sociocultural theory and task-based learning. The findings indicate that scaffolding creates a more supportive learning environment and increases the effectiveness of communicative language teaching in ESP contexts.
Task-Based Language Teaching, scaffolding, linguistic competence, communicative competence, ESP, higher education, collaborative learning, language acquisition
THE IMPACT OF LEARNER-CENTERED EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY ON ENGLISH LANGUAGE ACQUISITION IN PRIMARY SCHOOL
Learner-centered educational technology has become an important pedagogical approach in modern primary education, particularly in the teaching and learning of foreign languages. In the context of English language acquisition, this approach places the learner’s needs, interests, abilities, emotional state, and individual pace of development at the center of the instructional process. Unlike traditional teacher-centered methods, learner-centered education encourages active participation, communication, creativity, collaboration, and meaningful use of language. This paper examines the impact of learner-centered educational technology on English language acquisition among primary school pupils. It discusses the theoretical foundations of learner-centered learning, its relevance to young learners, and its influence on motivation, vocabulary development, speaking skills, confidence, communicative competence, and independent learning habits. The paper also highlights possible challenges in implementing this approach and provides pedagogical recommendations for English teachers in primary classrooms.
learner-centered education, primary school, English language acquisition, young learners, communicative competence, motivation, differentiated instruction
THE IMPACT OF THE GREAT SILK ROAD ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF CENTRAL ASIA
This article examines the influence of the Great Silk Road on the development of Central Asia from historical, economic, cultural, and political perspectives. The Great Silk Road served not only as a trade network connecting East and West but also as a channel for the exchange of ideas, religions, technologies, and cultural traditions. Central Asia occupied a strategic position along these routes, allowing its cities to flourish as centers of commerce, science, and diplomacy. The article explores how trade contributed to urban growth, economic prosperity, and intercultural dialogue in the region. It also analyzes the role of the Silk Road in shaping Central Asian civilizations and highlights its lasting historical significance. The study concludes that the Great Silk Road played a decisive role in the social and economic advancement of Central Asia and contributed to the formation of its diverse cultural heritage.
Great Silk Road, Central Asia, trade routes, cultural exchange, economic development, urbanization, intercultural relations, historical development, civilization, diplomacy.
A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW ON ARTIFICIAL FOOD ADDITIVES: HOW DO E-NUMBERS AFFECT HUMAN BEHAVIOUR?
The E numbers are shorthand for additive names and are derived from the international numbering developed for the European Union. Many people are concerned about the long-term effects of consuming E numbers and especially the effect they could have on children. Although E numbers do go through lengthy testing processes before being unleashed on the unsuspecting members of the public, sometimes certain numbers do have a negative effect on consumers.
RESEARCH ON THE EFFECT OF FABRIC TWIST ON ITS RELATIVE ELONGATION INDEX
This study investigates the relationship between fabric twist level and its relative elongation index across various textile structures. Samples of cotton, polyester, and blended fabrics with systematically varied twist multipliers (from 3.2 to 5.8 twist/cm) were subjected to standardized tensile testing according to ISO 13934-1. Statistical analysis confirmed a significant inverse correlation (r = −0.87, p < 0.001) between twist intensity and elongation at break, while yarn count and fiber composition moderated this effect. The results demonstrated that fabrics with lower twist values (3.2–3.8 twist/cm) exhibited 18–24% higher relative elongation compared to highly twisted counterparts. These findings provide practical guidelines for optimizing fabric mechanical properties in garment manufacturing.
fabric twist, relative elongation, tensile properties, textile mechanics, twist multiplier, elongation at break, yarn structure, cotton fabric
FORMATION OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE IN NATURAL LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE TEACHERS OF GENERAL SECONDARY EDUCATION SCHOOLS AND ITS PEDAGOGICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL OPPORTUNITIES
This article examines the pedagogical and psychological foundations of forming organizational culture among native language and literature teachers in general secondary schools. The scientific significance of organizational culture in developing teachers’ professional competence is highlighted. In addition, the factors influencing the effective organization of the educational process, pedagogical communication, and the development of management skills are analyzed. The article presents effective methods for forming organizational culture based on modern pedagogical technologies and innovative approaches. The research results contribute to improving the effectiveness of pedagogical activity and enhancing the quality of education.
organizational culture, pedagogical competence, native language and literature teachers, pedagogical technologies, educational process, pedagogical communication, management skills, innovative approaches, quality of education.
THE CONCEPT, CONTENT, AND ESSENCE OF "TIME MANAGEMENT"
This article examines the concept of "time management," its essence and significance in human activity, as well as the theoretical and practical aspects of effective time management. It also analyzes the role, core principles, and effective methods of time management in modern society.
time management, time management, efficiency, planning, motivation, priority, management, personal development.